Odoo accounting setup
Skill findscripter/everything-skills/09-verticals/odoo-accounting-setup
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当从零搭建 Odoo 会计(科目表、日记账、税码、财政税位、付款条件、银行对账)时使用;做按菜单路径与精确字段值完成配置并给出验收清单;不适用于多币种汇兑损益、国家级电子发票合规(改用 odoo-localization-compliance)与薪酬会计;触发词:odoo 会计、科目表、日记账、税码、财政税位、付款条件、银行对账、Net 30、early payment discount、reconciliation model
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SKILL.md
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何时使用
面向功能顾问 / 企业主,从零把 Odoo 会计配置正确:
- 新建一个 Odoo 实例、为公司首次落地会计。
- 配置多公司或多币种会计的基础结构。
- 排查税额计算、财政税位(fiscal position)映射错误。
- 创建分期/折扣类付款条件(如 Net 30、首付 50%、早付折扣)。
- 配置银行对账自动匹配规则(reconciliation model)。
不该用边界:本技能不深入 多币种汇兑损益(FX revaluation);国家级电子发票合规(CFDI / FatturaPA / SAF-T)需本地化模块,改用 odoo-localization-compliance;薪酬会计(工资日记账、扣款科目)不在范围内。Odoo 社区版不含完整 锁定日期 功能,部分管控为企业版专属。涉及具体环境务必自行验证、测试并经税务/审计专业复核。
步骤
- 先装本地化模块:按国家安装
l10n_*(如l10n_us、l10n_mx)——它会建立正确的科目表,不要手工从零搭。 - 配置日记账:销售、采购、银行、现金、杂项各一套;银行/现金日记账绑定对应银行账户。
- 配置税码与财政税位:用 fiscal position 自动切换 B2B/B2C、境内/出口税率,绝不在单张发票上手改税。
- 创建付款条件:v16+ 用内置 Early Payment Discount 字段建模早付折扣,不要再拆付款条件行。
- 配置对账模型:为银行手续费等重复条目建 reconciliation model 自动匹配,而非手工分录。
- 月结后锁定:Accounting → Actions → Lock Dates,防止追溯改账。
指令
关键菜单路径:
- 科目表:
Accounting → Configuration → Chart of Accounts - 日记账:
Accounting → Configuration → Journals - 税:
Accounting → Configuration → Taxes - 财政税位:
Accounting → Configuration → Fiscal Positions - 付款条件:
Accounting → Configuration → Payment Terms - 对账模型:
Accounting → Configuration → Reconciliation Models - 锁定日期:
Accounting → Actions → Lock Dates
示例
示例 1:付款条件 Net 30 + 2% 早付折扣(v16+)
菜单:Accounting → Configuration → Payment Terms → New
Name: Net 30 / 2% Early Pay Discount
Company: [你的公司]
Lines:
Line 1:
- Due Type: Percent
- Value: 100%
- Due: 30 days(全额 30 天内到期)
Early Payment Discount(v16+):
Discount %: 2
Discount Days: 10
Balance Sheet Accounts:
- Gain: 4900 Early Payment Discounts Granted
- Loss: 5900 Early Payment Discounts Received
v16+ 用内置 Early Payment Discount 字段,客户在折扣窗口内付款时 Odoo 自动入账并生成正确分录,无需旧版拆行 workaround。
示例 2:欧盟 B2B 内部交易财政税位
菜单:Accounting → Configuration → Fiscal Positions → New
Name: EU Intra-Community B2B
Auto-detection: ON
- Country Group: Europe
- VAT Required: YES(客户须有欧盟 VAT 号)
Tax Mapping:
Tax on Sales (21% VAT) → 0% Intra-Community VAT
Tax on Purchases → 0% Reverse Charge
Account Mapping:
(留空,除非本地化要求重映射科目)
示例 3:银行手续费自动对账模型
菜单:Accounting → Configuration → Reconciliation Models → New
Name: Bank Fee Auto-Match
Type: Write-off
Matching Order: 1
Conditions:
- Label Contains: "BANK FEE" OR "SERVICE CHARGE"
- Amount Type: Amount is lower than: $50.00
Action:
- Account: 6200 Bank Charges
- Tax: None
- Analytic: Administrative
注意事项
- ✅ 先装国家 本地化模块 再手工建科目;它负责正确的科目结构。
- ✅ 用 财政税位 自动切 B2B/B2C 税,不要逐张发票改税。
- ✅ 月结后 锁定日期 防追溯改账(企业版功能)。
- ✅ v16+ 用 Early Payment Discount 建模折扣,不拆付款条件行。
- ❌ 不要 删除日记账分录——用贷项通知单或内置冲销函数反冲。
- ❌ 不要在同一日记账里 混记私人与公司交易。
- ❌ 不要为修银行对账差异 手建分录——走对账模型工作流。
- 输出不替代针对具体环境的验证、测试与专业复核;国家/Odoo 版本/科目结构等关键输入缺失时先追问。
互见
- related:
gl-subledger-reconciler—— 总账/子账对账核对的进阶工作流 - related:
odoo-localization-compliance—— 国家级电子发票(CFDI/FatturaPA/SAF-T)与税务合规 - combines_with:
odoo-localization-compliance—— 基础会计配好后叠加本地化合规层
本条采编自 sickn33/antigravity-awesome-skills(MIT)。