Shopify app development
Skill findscripter/everything-skills/02-engineering/shopify-app-development
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当用 Shopify CLI 开发应用/扩展/主题,调用 GraphQL Admin API,配置 OAuth、Webhook、计费、访问域、metafield 或 Shopify Functions 时使用;做脚手架搭建、GraphQL 查询/变更、Liquid 模板与扩展编码并落地可部署产物;不适用于通用电商建站、非 Shopify 平台或纯运营配置(无代码改动);触发词:Shopify、shopify app、GraphQL Admin、Liquid、checkout extension、metafield、webhook、Polaris。
The file declares its own license as MIT. That is the author’s claim about this one file, and it is not the same thing as the license GitHub reports for the repository, which is listed with the other numbers below.
SKILL.md
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何时使用
- 用 Shopify CLI 创建/运行/部署应用、扩展或主题。
- 调用 GraphQL Admin API 读写商品、订单、客户、库存、metafield。
- 配置 OAuth 鉴权、访问域(access scopes)、Webhook(含 GDPR 强制项)、计费 API。
- 开发 Checkout/Admin/POS UI 扩展或 Shopify Functions(折扣/支付/配送逻辑)。
- 用 Liquid 编写主题的 section/snippet,定制店面。
先做路由判断(选错产物会全程返工):
- 要集成外部服务 / 商家工具 / 收费功能 → 建 App。
- 要定制结账、加 Admin UI、POS 动作、折扣规则 → 建 Extension。
- 要改店面设计、商品/集合页 → 建 Theme。
- 既要后端逻辑又要店面 UI → App + Theme Extension 组合。
不该用的边界:
- 非 Shopify 平台(WooCommerce、Magento、自研商城)→ 不适用。
- 通用建站、纯主题后台点选配置、无代码改动的运营操作 → 不属于本技能。
- 安全审计/依赖体检 → 转
code-reviewer/dependency-auditor。
步骤 / 指令
1. 路由:按上面四类判断要建 App / Extension / Theme / 组合。
2. 装 CLI 并初始化项目(见示例)。
3. 在 shopify.app.toml 配 access_scopes,遵循最小权限。
4. 写 GraphQL 查询/变更:只取所需字段,游标分页,>250 条用 bulk operations。
5. 扩展/主题编码:扩展用 @shopify/ui-extensions-react;主题用 Liquid section/snippet。
6. 配 Webhook(含 GDPR 三件套)并校验 HMAC 签名。
7. shopify app dev 本地联调(带隧道);shopify app deploy 发布扩展。
8. 提交前确认 API 版本(季度发布,12 个月弃用窗口),用 GraphiQL 验证 schema。
规则:
- 新开发一律优先 GraphQL,不用 REST。
- 凭据进环境变量,禁止硬编码;嵌入式应用用 session token。
- Webhook 处理前必先验 HMAC;OAuth 校验 state 防 CSRF。
- 限流用指数退避,监控
X-Shopify-Shop-Api-Call-Limit头与 GraphQL 查询成本。
示例
安装与脚手架(CLI):
npm install -g @shopify/cli@latest
shopify app init # 新建 app
shopify app dev # 启动带隧道的开发服务器
shopify app deploy # 构建并上传扩展到 Shopify
# 生成扩展
shopify app generate extension --type checkout_ui_extension
shopify app generate extension --type admin_action
shopify app generate extension --type function
# 主题
shopify theme init
shopify theme dev # 本地预览 localhost:9292
shopify theme push --development
访问域(shopify.app.toml):
[access_scopes]
scopes = "read_products,write_products,read_orders,write_orders,read_customers"
GraphQL 查询商品(含游标分页):
query GetProducts($first: Int!, $query: String) {
products(first: $first, query: $query) {
edges {
node { id title handle status
variants(first: 5) { edges { node { id price inventoryQuantity } } }
}
}
pageInfo { hasNextPage endCursor }
}
}
写 metafield(变更 + 变量):
mutation SetMetafields($metafields: [MetafieldsSetInput!]!) {
metafieldsSet(metafields: $metafields) {
metafields { id namespace key value }
userErrors { field message }
}
}
{ "metafields": [ {
"ownerId": "gid://shopify/Product/123",
"namespace": "custom", "key": "care_instructions",
"value": "Handle with care", "type": "single_line_text_field"
} ] }
Checkout 扩展(React,礼品留言):
import { reactExtension, BlockStack, TextField, Checkbox,
useApplyAttributeChange } from "@shopify/ui-extensions-react/checkout";
export default reactExtension("purchase.checkout.block.render", () => <GiftMessage />);
function GiftMessage() {
const [isGift, setIsGift] = useState(false);
const [message, setMessage] = useState("");
const applyAttributeChange = useApplyAttributeChange();
useEffect(() => {
if (isGift && message)
applyAttributeChange({ type: "updateAttribute", key: "gift_message", value: message });
}, [isGift, message]);
return (
<BlockStack spacing="loose">
<Checkbox checked={isGift} onChange={setIsGift}>This is a gift</Checkbox>
{isGift && <TextField label="Gift Message" value={message} onChange={setMessage} multiline={3} />}
</BlockStack>
);
}
Liquid 商品卡 snippet:
<div class="product-card">
<a href="{{ product.url }}">
{% if product.featured_image %}
<img src="{{ product.featured_image | img_url: 'medium' }}"
alt="{{ product.title | escape }}" loading="lazy">
{% endif %}
<h3>{{ product.title }}</h3>
<p class="price">{{ product.price | money }}</p>
{% if product.compare_at_price > product.price %}<p class="sale-badge">Sale</p>{% endif %}
</a>
</div>
Webhook(shopify.app.toml,含 GDPR 强制项,过审必备):
[webhooks]
api_version = "2026-01"
[[webhooks.subscriptions]]
topics = ["orders/create", "orders/updated"]
uri = "/webhooks/orders"
[webhooks.privacy_compliance]
customer_data_request_url = "/webhooks/gdpr/data-request"
customer_deletion_url = "/webhooks/gdpr/customer-deletion"
shop_deletion_url = "/webhooks/gdpr/shop-deletion"
注意事项
- API 版本 2026-01,季度发布、12 个月弃用窗口;报错提到 deprecated 字段时按错误信息迁移。
- 上架审核要求 GDPR 三个强制 Webhook(数据请求/客户删除/店铺删除)齐全,否则不予通过。
- 性能:扩展用懒加载,主题图片用
img_url过滤器,数据不常变时缓存响应。 - 常见排障:限流 → 退避 + bulk operations + 看调用限额头;鉴权失败 → 查 token 有效性与已授权 scope;扩展不显示 → 确认 target 正确且已 deploy、应用已装到测试店;Webhook 收不到 → URL 须公网可达 + HMAC 校验逻辑 + 看 Partner Dashboard 日志;GraphQL 报错 → 用 GraphiQL 对 schema 验证。
- 官方文档:https://shopify.dev/docs ;GraphQL Admin:https://shopify.dev/docs/api/admin-graphql ;Polaris:https://polaris.shopify.com
- 本技能只做开发与可部署产物,不替代环境内的实测、上线验证与安全/合规专家评审;输入或权限边界不清时先停下来澄清。
互见
- requires:无。
- related:
code-reviewer(对生成的 App/扩展代码做正确性与质量审查)。 - combines_with:
dependency-auditor(上架前对 npm 依赖做许可证/CVE 体检)。
采编自 sickn33/antigravity-awesome-skills(MIT),适配重写为中文「技能大典」条目。