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Memory forensics

Skill ulpi-io/plugin-marketplace/plugins/sickn33/skills/memory-forensics

A curated collection of 7,800+ agent skills for Claude Desktop, sourced from skills.sh

Install

npx -y skills add ulpi-io/plugin-marketplace --skill memory-forensics

Assembled from the repository path, not quoted from the project. Check it against their README if it does not work.

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What its author says it does

Copied from the file, not written here

Master memory forensics techniques including memory acquisition, process analysis, and artifact extraction using Volatility and related tools. Use when analyzing memory dumps, investigating incidents, or performing malware analysis from RAM captures.

SKILL.md

10.3 KB, ~2.7k tokens by cl100k_base, as published. Nobody here has run it

Memory Forensics

Comprehensive techniques for acquiring, analyzing, and extracting artifacts from memory dumps for incident response and malware analysis.

Memory Acquisition

Live Acquisition Tools

Windows

# WinPmem (Recommended)
winpmem_mini_x64.exe memory.raw

# DumpIt
DumpIt.exe

# Belkasoft RAM Capturer
# GUI-based, outputs raw format

# Magnet RAM Capture
# GUI-based, outputs raw format

Linux

# LiME (Linux Memory Extractor)
sudo insmod lime.ko "path=/tmp/memory.lime format=lime"

# /dev/mem (limited, requires permissions)
sudo dd if=/dev/mem of=memory.raw bs=1M

# /proc/kcore (ELF format)
sudo cp /proc/kcore memory.elf

macOS

# osxpmem
sudo ./osxpmem -o memory.raw

# MacQuisition (commercial)

Virtual Machine Memory

# VMware: .vmem file is raw memory
cp vm.vmem memory.raw

# VirtualBox: Use debug console
vboxmanage debugvm "VMName" dumpvmcore --filename memory.elf

# QEMU
virsh dump <domain> memory.raw --memory-only

# Hyper-V
# Checkpoint contains memory state

Volatility 3 Framework

Installation and Setup

# Install Volatility 3
pip install volatility3

# Install symbol tables (Windows)
# Download from https://downloads.volatilityfoundation.org/volatility3/symbols/

# Basic usage
vol -f memory.raw <plugin>

# With symbol path
vol -f memory.raw -s /path/to/symbols windows.pslist

Essential Plugins

Process Analysis

# List processes
vol -f memory.raw windows.pslist

# Process tree (parent-child relationships)
vol -f memory.raw windows.pstree

# Hidden process detection
vol -f memory.raw windows.psscan

# Process memory dumps
vol -f memory.raw windows.memmap --pid <PID> --dump

# Process environment variables
vol -f memory.raw windows.envars --pid <PID>

# Command line arguments
vol -f memory.raw windows.cmdline

Network Analysis

# Network connections
vol -f memory.raw windows.netscan

# Network connection state
vol -f memory.raw windows.netstat

DLL and Module Analysis

# Loaded DLLs per process
vol -f memory.raw windows.dlllist --pid <PID>

# Find hidden/injected DLLs
vol -f memory.raw windows.ldrmodules

# Kernel modules
vol -f memory.raw windows.modules

# Module dumps
vol -f memory.raw windows.moddump --pid <PID>

Memory Injection Detection

# Detect code injection
vol -f memory.raw windows.malfind

# VAD (Virtual Address Descriptor) analysis
vol -f memory.raw windows.vadinfo --pid <PID>

# Dump suspicious memory regions
vol -f memory.raw windows.vadyarascan --yara-rules rules.yar

Registry Analysis

# List registry hives
vol -f memory.raw windows.registry.hivelist

# Print registry key
vol -f memory.raw windows.registry.printkey --key "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run"

# Dump registry hive
vol -f memory.raw windows.registry.hivescan --dump

File System Artifacts

# Scan for file objects
vol -f memory.raw windows.filescan

# Dump files from memory
vol -f memory.raw windows.dumpfiles --pid <PID>

# MFT analysis
vol -f memory.raw windows.mftscan

Linux Analysis

# Process listing
vol -f memory.raw linux.pslist

# Process tree
vol -f memory.raw linux.pstree

# Bash history
vol -f memory.raw linux.bash

# Network connections
vol -f memory.raw linux.sockstat

# Loaded kernel modules
vol -f memory.raw linux.lsmod

# Mount points
vol -f memory.raw linux.mount

# Environment variables
vol -f memory.raw linux.envars

macOS Analysis

# Process listing
vol -f memory.raw mac.pslist

# Process tree
vol -f memory.raw mac.pstree

# Network connections
vol -f memory.raw mac.netstat

# Kernel extensions
vol -f memory.raw mac.lsmod

Analysis Workflows

Malware Analysis Workflow

# 1. Initial process survey
vol -f memory.raw windows.pstree > processes.txt
vol -f memory.raw windows.pslist > pslist.txt

# 2. Network connections
vol -f memory.raw windows.netscan > network.txt

# 3. Detect injection
vol -f memory.raw windows.malfind > malfind.txt

# 4. Analyze suspicious processes
vol -f memory.raw windows.dlllist --pid <PID>
vol -f memory.raw windows.handles --pid <PID>

# 5. Dump suspicious executables
vol -f memory.raw windows.pslist --pid <PID> --dump

# 6. Extract strings from dumps
strings -a pid.<PID>.exe > strings.txt

# 7. YARA scanning
vol -f memory.raw windows.yarascan --yara-rules malware.yar

Incident Response Workflow

# 1. Timeline of events
vol -f memory.raw windows.timeliner > timeline.csv

# 2. User activity
vol -f memory.raw windows.cmdline
vol -f memory.raw windows.consoles

# 3. Persistence mechanisms
vol -f memory.raw windows.registry.printkey \
    --key "Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run"

# 4. Services
vol -f memory.raw windows.svcscan

# 5. Scheduled tasks
vol -f memory.raw windows.scheduled_tasks

# 6. Recent files
vol -f memory.raw windows.filescan | grep -i "recent"

Data Structures

Windows Process Structures

// EPROCESS (Executive Process)
typedef struct _EPROCESS {
    KPROCESS Pcb;                    // Kernel process block
    EX_PUSH_LOCK ProcessLock;
    LARGE_INTEGER CreateTime;
    LARGE_INTEGER ExitTime;
    // ...
    LIST_ENTRY ActiveProcessLinks;   // Doubly-linked list
    ULONG_PTR UniqueProcessId;       // PID
    // ...
    PEB* Peb;                        // Process Environment Block
    // ...
} EPROCESS;

// PEB (Process Environment Block)
typedef struct _PEB {
    BOOLEAN InheritedAddressSpace;
    BOOLEAN ReadImageFileExecOptions;
    BOOLEAN BeingDebugged;           // Anti-debug check
    // ...
    PVOID ImageBaseAddress;          // Base address of executable
    PPEB_LDR_DATA Ldr;              // Loader data (DLL list)
    PRTL_USER_PROCESS_PARAMETERS ProcessParameters;
    // ...
} PEB;

VAD (Virtual Address Descriptor)

typedef struct _MMVAD {
    MMVAD_SHORT Core;
    union {
        ULONG LongFlags;
        MMVAD_FLAGS VadFlags;
    } u;
    // ...
    PVOID FirstPrototypePte;
    PVOID LastContiguousPte;
    // ...
    PFILE_OBJECT FileObject;
} MMVAD;

// Memory protection flags
#define PAGE_EXECUTE           0x10
#define PAGE_EXECUTE_READ      0x20
#define PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE 0x40
#define PAGE_EXECUTE_WRITECOPY 0x80

Detection Patterns

Process Injection Indicators

# Malfind indicators
# - PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE protection (suspicious)
# - MZ header in non-image VAD region
# - Shellcode patterns at allocation start

# Common injection techniques
# 1. Classic DLL Injection
#    - VirtualAllocEx + WriteProcessMemory + CreateRemoteThread

# 2. Process Hollowing
#    - CreateProcess (SUSPENDED) + NtUnmapViewOfSection + WriteProcessMemory

# 3. APC Injection
#    - QueueUserAPC targeting alertable threads

# 4. Thread Execution Hijacking
#    - SuspendThread + SetThreadContext + ResumeThread

Rootkit Detection

# Compare process lists
vol -f memory.raw windows.pslist > pslist.txt
vol -f memory.raw windows.psscan > psscan.txt
diff pslist.txt psscan.txt  # Hidden processes

# Check for DKOM (Direct Kernel Object Manipulation)
vol -f memory.raw windows.callbacks

# Detect hooked functions
vol -f memory.raw windows.ssdt  # System Service Descriptor Table

# Driver analysis
vol -f memory.raw windows.driverscan
vol -f memory.raw windows.driverirp

Credential Extraction

# Dump hashes (requires hivelist first)
vol -f memory.raw windows.hashdump

# LSA secrets
vol -f memory.raw windows.lsadump

# Cached domain credentials
vol -f memory.raw windows.cachedump

# Mimikatz-style extraction
# Requires specific plugins/tools

YARA Integration

Writing Memory YARA Rules

rule Suspicious_Injection
{
    meta:
        description = "Detects common injection shellcode"

    strings:
        // Common shellcode patterns
        $mz = { 4D 5A }
        $shellcode1 = { 55 8B EC 83 EC }  // Function prologue
        $api_hash = { 68 ?? ?? ?? ?? 68 ?? ?? ?? ?? E8 }  // Push hash, call

    condition:
        $mz at 0 or any of ($shellcode*)
}

rule Cobalt_Strike_Beacon
{
    meta:
        description = "Detects Cobalt Strike beacon in memory"

    strings:
        $config = { 00 01 00 01 00 02 }
        $sleep = "sleeptime"
        $beacon = "%s (admin)" wide

    condition:
        2 of them
}

Scanning Memory

# Scan all process memory
vol -f memory.raw windows.yarascan --yara-rules rules.yar

# Scan specific process
vol -f memory.raw windows.yarascan --yara-rules rules.yar --pid 1234

# Scan kernel memory
vol -f memory.raw windows.yarascan --yara-rules rules.yar --kernel

String Analysis

Extracting Strings

# Basic string extraction
strings -a memory.raw > all_strings.txt

# Unicode strings
strings -el memory.raw >> all_strings.txt

# Targeted extraction from process dump
vol -f memory.raw windows.memmap --pid 1234 --dump
strings -a pid.1234.dmp > process_strings.txt

# Pattern matching
grep -E "(https?://|[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3})" all_strings.txt

FLOSS for Obfuscated Strings

# FLOSS extracts obfuscated strings
floss malware.exe > floss_output.txt

# From memory dump
floss pid.1234.dmp

Best Practices

Acquisition Best Practices

Minimize footprint: Use lightweight acquisition tools
Document everything: Record time, tool, and hash of capture
Verify integrity: Hash memory dump immediately after capture
Chain of custody: Maintain proper forensic handling

Analysis Best Practices

Start broad: Get overview before deep diving
Cross-reference: Use multiple plugins for same data
Timeline correlation: Correlate memory findings with disk/network
Document findings: Keep detailed notes and screenshots
Validate results: Verify findings through multiple methods

Common Pitfalls

Stale data: Memory is volatile, analyze promptly
Incomplete dumps: Verify dump size matches expected RAM
Symbol issues: Ensure correct symbol files for OS version
Smear: Memory may change during acquisition
Encryption: Some data may be encrypted in memory

Gives 0 of the 12 instructions most memory context skills give in ~2.7k tokens

Counted across 674 of the 847 authors here whose files we hold, read 2026-08-06

inform the user when setup is completein 21 of 674, across 6 files
confirm the draft with the user before writingin 21 of 674, across 6 files
update the agent skills block in place if it existsin 21 of 674, across 6 files
present findings to the userin 20 of 674, across 5 files
write the three docs files from seed templatesin 20 of 674, across 5 files
ask the user about each decision one at a timein 19 of 674, across 4 files
edit CLAUDE.md if it existsin 18 of 674, across 3 files
explore current repo statein 18 of 674, across 3 files
do not overwrite user edits to surrounding sectionsin 18 of 674, across 3 files
back up the original file before overwritingin 16 of 674, across 8 files
keep the memory index under 200 linesin 15 of 674
Provide actionable steps and verificationin 13 of 674, across 2 files

Grouped from the skills themselves: near-identical wordings counted once, and counted by distinct author, so one author publishing three of these counts once. Length counted with cl100k_base; the agent that loads this file may tokenize it differently.

Keep looking

Skills are one crate of 328,083. Ordering is by how many stacks a row turns up in, so the top of any crate is what has actually been picked rather than what has the most stars.