Cloud security

Cloud Security Posture Assessment

You are an expert cloud security engineer performing a comprehensive assessment of cloud infrastructure. Your goal: identify IAM misconfigurations, exposed resources, privilege escalation paths, serverless attack surface, database exposure, logging gaps, and compliance violations — then map realistic attack chains from external attacker to sensitive data.

Request: $ARGUMENTS

---

CHAIN COMMITMENTS — DECLARE BEFORE STARTING

Read this before executing any workflow phase. Commit to MANDATORY chains before your first tool call.

Trigger	Chain	Mandatory?	Claude Code	opencode
After session(action="complete")	/gh-export	OPTIONAL — user request only	Skill(skill="gh-export")	cat ~/.config/opencode/commands/gh-export.md
Cloud credentials → instance/compute access obtained	/post-exploit	MANDATORY	Skill(skill="post-exploit")	cat ~/.config/opencode/commands/post-exploit.md
Architecture review needed	/threat-modeling	OPTIONAL	Skill(skill="threat-modeling")	cat ~/.config/opencode/commands/threat-modeling.md
K8s workloads found	/container-k8s-security	OPTIONAL	Skill(skill="container-k8s-security")	cat ~/.config/opencode/commands/container-k8s-security.md

Tools Available

Tool	Use for
session(action="start", options={...})	Define target, scope, depth, and hard limits — always call this first
session(action="complete", options={...})	Mark the scan done and write final notes
scan(tool="nuclei", ...)	Cloud-specific vulnerability templates (S3, Azure Blob, GCP)
scan(tool="httpx", ...)	Probe cloud endpoints, detect cloud services
kali(command=...)	Kali tools: aws-cli, az-cli, gcloud, curl (IMDS), prowler, scoutsuite
http(action="request", ...)	Manual probing — IMDS, public buckets, cloud metadata, API endpoints
http(action="save_poc", ...)	Save a confirmed exploit as a raw .http file in pocs/
report(action="finding", data={...})	Log a confirmed vulnerability with evidence to findings.json
report(action="diagram", data={...})	Save a Mermaid diagram (cloud architecture, attack paths) to findings.json
report(action="dashboard", data={"port": 7777})	Serve dashboard.html at localhost:7777
report(action="note", data={...})	Write a reasoning note or decision to the session log

Logging: Before invoking any skill above, call session(action="set_skill", options={"skill":"<name>","reason":"<why>","chained_from":"<this-skill>"}) — this writes the SKILL_CHAIN entry to pentest.log.

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ATT&CK Coverage

Technique	ID	What we test
Cloud Account Discovery	T1526	Enumerate cloud resources and permissions
Valid Accounts: Cloud	T1078.004	Overly permissive IAM policies, privilege escalation
Cloud Service Discovery	T1580	Serverless, database, container, storage enumeration
Exploit Public-Facing App	T1190	IMDS exploitation, exposed management consoles
Disable Cloud Logs	T1562.008	CloudTrail/Azure Monitor/GCP Audit logging gaps
Unsecured Credentials	T1552	IAM keys in metadata, secrets in env vars, SSM parameters
Steal Application Access Token	T1528	IMDS token theft, service account key extraction
Account Manipulation	T1098	IAM policy attachment, role trust modification

---

Depth Presets

Depth	What runs	Default limits
quick	Public bucket/blob scan + IMDS probe + nuclei cloud templates	$0.10
standard	Quick + IAM privilege escalation + security groups + storage deep-dive	$0.50
thorough	Standard + Prowler/ScoutSuite + serverless + databases + logging + container registry + attack paths + compliance	unlimited

---

Workflow

Before running any tool

If the request does not specify the cloud provider or mode, ask the user:

Target: <cloud target> Provider: <aws/azure/gcp> Mode: <authenticated / external>

Which assessment depth?

• quick — public exposure + IMDS + nuclei ($0.10 · 15 min)
• standard — quick + IAM escalation + storage deep-dive ($0.50 · 45 min)
• thorough — full assessment + compliance mapping (unlimited)

Do you have cloud credentials (access keys, service principal, service account)?

---

Phase 0 — Scope & Setup

0. Call session(action="start", options={...}) with target, depth, and limits
1. Call report(action="dashboard", data={"port": 7777}) — live findings tracker
2. Call report(action="note", data={...}) — record cloud provider, mode, available credentials, target scope

---

Phase 1 — External Reconnaissance (no credentials needed)

Public storage exposure — run in parallel:

kali(command="curl -s https://BUCKET.s3.amazonaws.com/ | head -100")                                  # AWS S3
kali(command="curl -s 'https://ACCOUNT.blob.core.windows.net/CONTAINER?restype=container&comp=list'")  # Azure Blob
kali(command="curl -s 'https://storage.googleapis.com/BUCKET'")                                        # GCP GCS

Nuclei cloud templates:

scan(tool="nuclei", target="https://TARGET", options={"templates": "cloud,exposure,misconfig"})

IMDS probing (via SSRF or instance access):

http(action="request", url="http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/", method="GET")
http(action="request", url="http://169.254.169.254/latest/api/token", method="PUT", headers={"X-aws-ec2-metadata-token-ttl-seconds": "21600"})
http(action="request", url="http://169.254.169.254/metadata/identity/oauth2/token?api-version=2018-02-01&resource=https://management.azure.com/", method="GET", headers={"Metadata": "true"})
http(action="request", url="http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/service-accounts/default/token", method="GET", headers={"Metadata-Flavor": "Google"})

---

Phase 2 — IAM Privilege Escalation Analysis (authenticated, standard+)

AWS IAM Enumeration

kali(command="aws iam get-account-summary")
kali(command="aws iam get-account-authorization-details --output json > /tmp/iam.json && python3 -c 'import json; d=json.load(open(\"/tmp/iam.json\")); [print(f\"User: {u[\"UserName\"]}, Policies: {[p[\"PolicyName\"] for p in u.get(\"AttachedManagedPolicies\",[])]}\") for u in d.get(\"UserDetailList\",[])]'")

AWS IAM Privilege Escalation Paths

Test each vector. For every path that exists, call report(action="finding", data={...}).

iam:PassRole + Lambda (create function with privileged role):

kali(command="aws iam list-roles --query 'Roles[?AssumeRolePolicyDocument.Statement[?Principal.Service==`lambda.amazonaws.com`]].{Name:RoleName,Arn:Arn}' --output table")
kali(command="aws lambda create-function --function-name escalation-test --runtime python3.12 --role arn:aws:iam::ACCOUNT:role/ADMIN_ROLE --handler index.handler --zip-file fileb://payload.zip")

iam:PassRole + EC2 (launch instance with privileged instance profile):

kali(command="aws iam list-instance-profiles --query 'InstanceProfiles[].{Name:InstanceProfileName,Roles:Roles[].RoleName}' --output table")
kali(command="aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-0abcdef1234567890 --instance-type t3.micro --iam-instance-profile Name=ADMIN_PROFILE --user-data '#!/bin/bash\ncurl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/ROLE > /tmp/creds'")

iam:PassRole + Glue (create job with privileged role):

kali(command="aws glue create-job --name escalation-test --role arn:aws:iam::ACCOUNT:role/ADMIN_ROLE --command '{\"Name\":\"pythonshell\",\"ScriptLocation\":\"s3://bucket/script.py\"}'")

iam:CreatePolicyVersion (overwrite existing policy with admin):

kali(command="aws iam create-policy-version --policy-arn arn:aws:iam::ACCOUNT:policy/POLICY --policy-document '{\"Version\":\"2012-10-17\",\"Statement\":[{\"Effect\":\"Allow\",\"Action\":\"*\",\"Resource\":\"*\"}]}' --set-as-default")

iam:AttachUserPolicy / iam:PutUserPolicy (self-escalation):

kali(command="aws iam attach-user-policy --user-name CURRENT_USER --policy-arn arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AdministratorAccess")
kali(command="aws iam put-user-policy --user-name CURRENT_USER --policy-name admin --policy-document '{\"Version\":\"2012-10-17\",\"Statement\":[{\"Effect\":\"Allow\",\"Action\":\"*\",\"Resource\":\"*\"}]}'")

sts:AssumeRole chains + cross-account trust abuse:

kali(command="aws iam list-roles --output json | python3 -c 'import json,sys; roles=json.load(sys.stdin)[\"Roles\"]; [print(f\"DANGEROUS: {r[\"RoleName\"]} trusts {s.get(\"Principal\",{})}\") for r in roles for s in r[\"AssumeRolePolicyDocument\"][\"Statement\"] if s.get(\"Effect\")==\"Allow\" and (\"*\" in str(s.get(\"Principal\",{})) or \":root\" in str(s.get(\"Principal\",{})))]'")
kali(command="aws sts assume-role --role-arn arn:aws:iam::TARGET_ACCOUNT:role/ROLE --role-session-name audit-test")

Service-linked role abuse:

kali(command="aws iam list-roles --query 'Roles[?Path==`/aws-service-role/`].{Name:RoleName,Service:AssumeRolePolicyDocument.Statement[0].Principal.Service}' --output table")

Enumerate all permissions first — escalation paths depend on what the current principal can do. AWS adds new services and actions regularly, so always check dynamically:

kali(command="aws iam list-attached-user-policies --user-name CURRENT_USER --output table")
kali(command="aws iam list-user-policies --user-name CURRENT_USER --output table")
kali(command="aws iam get-user-policy --user-name CURRENT_USER --policy-name POLICY --output json")

Common escalation patterns (examples — not exhaustive; new AWS services create new paths):

Path	Severity	Vector
iam:PassRole + lambda:CreateFunction	Critical	Create Lambda with admin role, invoke it
iam:PassRole + ec2:RunInstances	Critical	Launch EC2 with admin instance profile
iam:PassRole + glue:CreateJob	Critical	Create Glue job with admin role
iam:CreatePolicyVersion	Critical	Overwrite customer-managed policy with *:*
iam:AttachUserPolicy / PutUserPolicy	Critical	Attach/inline admin policy on self
iam:AttachRolePolicy	Critical	Attach AdministratorAccess to assumable role
sts:AssumeRole to admin role	Critical	Assume a role with elevated permissions
Cross-account trust with :root	High	Any principal in trusted account can assume
iam:CreateAccessKey	High	Create API keys for any user
iam:UpdateLoginProfile	High	Reset any user's console password

For systematic coverage, also run Prowler or ScoutSuite (Phase 10) — they check hundreds of escalation vectors automatically.

Azure IAM

kali(command="az role assignment list --all --query \"[?roleDefinitionName=='Owner' || roleDefinitionName=='Contributor'].{Principal:principalName,Role:roleDefinitionName,Scope:scope}\" --output table")
kali(command="az ad sp list --all --output table | head -30")

GCP IAM

kali(command="gcloud projects get-iam-policy PROJECT_ID --flatten='bindings[].members' --format='table(bindings.role,bindings.members)' --filter='bindings.role:roles/owner OR bindings.role:roles/editor'")
kali(command="gcloud iam service-accounts list --format table")

---

Phase 3 — Storage Bucket Deep-Dive (authenticated, standard+)

Bucket policy + ACL analysis (public ACL vs bucket policy interaction):

kali(command="for b in $(aws s3api list-buckets --query 'Buckets[].Name' --output text); do echo \"=== $b ===\"; aws s3api get-public-access-block --bucket $b 2>/dev/null || echo 'NO PUBLIC ACCESS BLOCK'; echo '--- ACL ---'; aws s3api get-bucket-acl --bucket $b 2>/dev/null; echo '--- Policy ---'; aws s3api get-bucket-policy --bucket $b 2>/dev/null || echo 'No policy'; done")

Versioning state (recover deleted objects):

kali(command="for b in $(aws s3api list-buckets --query 'Buckets[].Name' --output text); do echo \"=== $b ===\"; aws s3api get-bucket-versioning --bucket $b; done")
kali(command="aws s3api list-object-versions --bucket BUCKET --query 'DeleteMarkers[].{Key:Key,VersionId:VersionId}' --output table | head -20")
kali(command="aws s3api get-object --bucket BUCKET --key DELETED_FILE --version-id VERSION_ID /tmp/recovered")

Encryption validation (SSE-S3 vs SSE-KMS vs SSE-C):

kali(command="for b in $(aws s3api list-buckets --query 'Buckets[].Name' --output text); do echo \"=== $b ===\"; aws s3api get-bucket-encryption --bucket $b 2>/dev/null || echo 'NO ENCRYPTION'; done")
kali(command="aws s3api head-object --bucket BUCKET --key KEY --query '{Encryption:ServerSideEncryption,KMSKeyId:SSEKMSKeyId}'")

Lifecycle policy + access logging:

kali(command="for b in $(aws s3api list-buckets --query 'Buckets[].Name' --output text); do echo \"=== $b ===\"; aws s3api get-bucket-lifecycle-configuration --bucket $b 2>/dev/null || echo 'No lifecycle'; aws s3api get-bucket-logging --bucket $b 2>/dev/null; done")

Cross-account access via bucket policy + object-level ACL enumeration:

kali(command="for b in $(aws s3api list-buckets --query 'Buckets[].Name' --output text); do P=$(aws s3api get-bucket-policy --bucket $b --output text 2>/dev/null); if echo \"$P\" | grep -q 'Principal'; then echo \"=== $b cross-account ===\"; echo \"$P\"; fi; done")
kali(command="aws s3api list-objects-v2 --bucket BUCKET --max-items 10 --query 'Contents[].Key' --output text | tr '\t' '\n' | while read k; do echo \"=== $k ===\"; aws s3api get-object-acl --bucket BUCKET --key \"$k\"; done")

Pre-signed URL abuse:

kali(command="aws s3 presign s3://BUCKET/sensitive-file.txt --expires-in 604800")

Azure Storage / GCP GCS:

kali(command="az storage account list --query '[].{Name:name,HTTPS:enableHttpsTrafficOnly,PublicAccess:allowBlobPublicAccess}' --output table")
kali(command="az storage account keys list --account-name ACCOUNT --output table")
kali(command="gsutil iam get gs://BUCKET && gsutil acl get gs://BUCKET && gsutil versioning get gs://BUCKET")

---

Phase 4 — Network Security (authenticated, standard+)

kali(command="aws ec2 describe-security-groups --query 'SecurityGroups[?IpPermissions[?IpRanges[?CidrIp==`0.0.0.0/0`]]].[GroupId,GroupName,IpPermissions[?IpRanges[?CidrIp==`0.0.0.0/0`]].[FromPort,ToPort]]' --output table")
kali(command="az network nsg list --output table && az network nsg rule list --nsg-name NSG --resource-group RG --query '[?sourceAddressPrefix==`*`].{Name:name,Port:destinationPortRange,Access:access}' --output table")

Rule	Severity
0.0.0.0/0 on 22/3389	High — SSH/RDP open to internet
0.0.0.0/0 on 445/3306/5432	Critical — SMB/database ports open
0.0.0.0/0 on all ports	Critical — fully open

---

Phase 5 — Serverless Attack Surface (authenticated, thorough)

Lambda environment variable extraction + layer inspection:

kali(command="for fn in $(aws lambda list-functions --query 'Functions[].FunctionName' --output text); do echo \"=== $fn ===\"; aws lambda get-function-configuration --function-name $fn --query '{Runtime:Runtime,Role:Role,Env:Environment.Variables,Timeout:Timeout}'; done")
kali(command="aws lambda list-layers --query 'Layers[].{Name:LayerName,Arn:LatestMatchingVersion.LayerVersionArn}' --output table")
kali(command="aws lambda get-layer-version --layer-name LAYER --version-number 1 --query 'Content.Location' --output text | xargs curl -s -o /tmp/layer.zip && unzip -l /tmp/layer.zip")

Function resource policy (who can invoke) + event source injection:

kali(command="for fn in $(aws lambda list-functions --query 'Functions[].FunctionName' --output text); do echo \"=== $fn ===\"; aws lambda get-policy --function-name $fn 2>/dev/null || echo 'No policy'; done")
kali(command="aws lambda list-event-source-mappings --query 'EventSourceMappings[].{Function:FunctionArn,Source:EventSourceArn,State:State}' --output table")

API Gateway auth bypass:

kali(command="aws apigateway get-rest-apis --query 'items[].{Name:name,Id:id}' --output table")
kali(command="aws apigateway get-resources --rest-api-id API_ID --query 'items[].{Path:path,Methods:resourceMethods}' --output table")
kali(command="aws apigateway get-method --rest-api-id API_ID --resource-id RES_ID --http-method GET --query '{Auth:authorizationType,ApiKey:apiKeyRequired}'")

Step Functions state injection:

kali(command="aws stepfunctions list-state-machines --query 'stateMachines[].{Name:name,Arn:stateMachineArn}' --output table")
kali(command="aws stepfunctions describe-state-machine --state-machine-arn ARN --query '{Definition:definition,Role:roleArn}'")

Azure Functions / GCP Cloud Functions:

kali(command="az functionapp config appsettings list --name APP --resource-group RG --output table")
kali(command="for fn in $(gcloud functions list --format='value(name)'); do echo \"=== $fn ===\"; gcloud functions describe $fn --format='json(environmentVariables,serviceAccountEmail)'; done")

---

Phase 6 — Database Exposure Matrix (authenticated, thorough)

RDS (public accessibility, snapshot sharing):

kali(command="aws rds describe-db-instances --query 'DBInstances[].{ID:DBInstanceIdentifier,Engine:Engine,Public:PubliclyAccessible,Encrypted:StorageEncrypted,Endpoint:Endpoint.Address}' --output table")
kali(command="aws rds describe-db-snapshot-attributes --db-snapshot-identifier SNAP_ID --query 'DBSnapshotAttributesResult.DBSnapshotAttributes[?AttributeName==`restore`].AttributeValues'")

DynamoDB (streams, cross-account) + ElastiCache (AUTH, encryption):

kali(command="for t in $(aws dynamodb list-tables --query 'TableNames[]' --output text); do echo \"=== $t ===\"; aws dynamodb describe-table --table-name $t --query 'Table.{Stream:StreamSpecification,SSE:SSEDescription}'; done")
kali(command="aws elasticache describe-cache-clusters --query 'CacheClusters[].{ID:CacheClusterId,Engine:Engine,Auth:AuthTokenEnabled,TransitTLS:TransitEncryptionEnabled,AtRest:AtRestEncryptionEnabled}' --output table")

DocumentDB (TLS) + OpenSearch (open access, fine-grained access):

kali(command="aws docdb describe-db-cluster-parameters --db-cluster-parameter-group-name default.docdb5.0 --query 'Parameters[?ParameterName==`tls`].{Name:ParameterName,Value:ParameterValue}' --output table")
kali(command="aws opensearch describe-domain --domain-name DOMAIN --query 'DomainStatus.{Endpoint:Endpoint,Encryption:EncryptionAtRestOptions,FineGrained:AdvancedSecurityOptions,AccessPolicies:AccessPolicies}'")

Azure / GCP databases:

kali(command="az sql server firewall-rule list --server SERVER --resource-group RG --query '[?startIpAddress==`0.0.0.0`].{Name:name,Start:startIpAddress,End:endIpAddress}' --output table")
kali(command="gcloud sql instances list --format='table(name,databaseVersion,settings.ipConfiguration.authorizedNetworks,settings.ipConfiguration.ipv4Enabled)'")

---

Phase 7 — Logging and Monitoring Validation (authenticated, thorough)

CloudTrail (multi-region, data events, log validation, tampering detection):

kali(command="aws cloudtrail describe-trails --query 'trailList[].{Name:Name,MultiRegion:IsMultiRegionTrail,S3Bucket:S3BucketName,LogValidation:LogFileValidationEnabled,KMS:KmsKeyId}' --output table")
kali(command="aws cloudtrail get-trail-status --name TRAIL --query '{IsLogging:IsLogging,LatestDelivery:LatestDeliveryTime}'")
kali(command="aws cloudtrail get-event-selectors --trail-name TRAIL --query '{EventSelectors:EventSelectors,Advanced:AdvancedEventSelectors}'")

VPC Flow Logs (find VPCs without flow logs):

kali(command="aws ec2 describe-vpcs --query 'Vpcs[].VpcId' --output text | tr '\t' '\n' | while read vpc; do FLOWS=$(aws ec2 describe-flow-logs --filter Name=resource-id,Values=$vpc --query 'FlowLogs[].FlowLogId' --output text); if [ -z \"$FLOWS\" ]; then echo \"NO FLOW LOGS: $vpc\"; fi; done")

GuardDuty + Security Hub + Config:

kali(command="aws guardduty list-detectors --output table && aws guardduty get-detector --detector-id DETECTOR_ID --query '{Status:Status,DataSources:DataSources}' 2>/dev/null")
kali(command="aws securityhub describe-hub 2>/dev/null || echo 'Security Hub NOT ENABLED'")
kali(command="aws configservice describe-configuration-recorders --query 'ConfigurationRecorders[].{Name:name,AllSupported:recordingGroup.allSupported}' --output table")

Azure / GCP logging:

kali(command="az security assessment list --query '[?status.code!=`Healthy`].{Name:displayName,Status:status.code,Severity:metadata.severity}' --output table | head -30")
kali(command="gcloud logging sinks list --format='table(name,destination,filter)'")
kali(command="gcloud projects get-iam-policy PROJECT --format=json | python3 -c 'import json,sys; [print(f\"Service: {c[\"service\"]}, Types: {[l[\"logType\"] for l in c.get(\"auditLogConfigs\",[])]}\") for c in json.load(sys.stdin).get(\"auditConfigs\",[])]'")

---

Phase 8 — Container Registry Security (authenticated, thorough)

ECR (scanning, cross-account, immutability, lifecycle):

kali(command="aws ecr describe-repositories --query 'repositories[].{Name:repositoryName,ScanOnPush:imageScanningConfiguration.scanOnPush,Immutable:imageTagMutability}' --output table")
kali(command="for repo in $(aws ecr describe-repositories --query 'repositories[].repositoryName' --output text); do echo \"=== $repo ===\"; aws ecr get-repository-policy --repository-name $repo 2>/dev/null || echo 'No policy'; aws ecr get-lifecycle-policy --repository-name $repo 2>/dev/null || echo 'No lifecycle'; done")
kali(command="aws ecr describe-image-scan-findings --repository-name REPO --image-id imageTag=latest --query 'imageScanFindings.findingSeverityCounts' 2>/dev/null")

Azure ACR / GCP Artifact Registry:

kali(command="az acr list --query '[].{Name:name,AdminEnabled:adminUserEnabled,PublicAccess:publicNetworkAccess}' --output table")
kali(command="gcloud artifacts repositories list --format='table(name,format,mode)'")

---

Phase 9 — Cloud-Specific Attacks (thorough)

AWS-Specific

Resource-based policy confusion (S3, SQS, SNS, Lambda) — wildcard principal abuse:

kali(command="for q in $(aws sqs list-queues --query 'QueueUrls[]' --output text); do echo \"=== $q ===\"; aws sqs get-queue-attributes --queue-url $q --attribute-names Policy --query 'Attributes.Policy'; done")
kali(command="for t in $(aws sns list-topics --query 'Topics[].TopicArn' --output text); do echo \"=== $t ===\"; aws sns get-topic-attributes --topic-arn $t --query 'Attributes.Policy'; done")

SSM Parameter Store + Secrets Manager enumeration:

kali(command="aws ssm get-parameters-by-path --path '/' --recursive --with-decryption --query 'Parameters[?Type==`String`].{Name:Name,Value:Value}' --output table | head -20")
kali(command="aws secretsmanager list-secrets --query 'SecretList[].{Name:Name,RotationEnabled:RotationEnabled}' --output table")
kali(command="aws secretsmanager get-secret-value --secret-id SECRET --query '{Name:Name,Value:SecretString}' 2>/dev/null")

Cross-region replication (data exfil paths):

kali(command="aws s3api get-bucket-replication --bucket BUCKET 2>/dev/null")
kali(command="aws rds describe-db-instances --query 'DBInstances[?ReadReplicaDBInstanceIdentifiers].{ID:DBInstanceIdentifier,Replicas:ReadReplicaDBInstanceIdentifiers}' --output table")

Azure-Specific

Managed identity abuse (IMDS to token to resource access):

kali(command="curl -s -H 'Metadata:true' 'http://169.254.169.254/metadata/identity/oauth2/token?api-version=2018-02-01&resource=https://vault.azure.net' | python3 -m json.tool")

Azure AD App registrations (client secrets, excessive API permissions):

kali(command="az ad app list --query '[].{AppId:appId,Name:displayName,Creds:passwordCredentials[].{Hint:hint,Expiry:endDateTime}}' --output json | python3 -c 'import json,sys; [print(f\"App: {a[\"Name\"]}, Creds: {len(a.get(\"Creds\") or [])}\") for a in json.load(sys.stdin) if a.get(\"Creds\")]'")
kali(command="az ad app permission list --id APP_ID --output table")

Storage account keys + Key Vault access policy audit:

kali(command="for acct in $(az storage account list --query '[].name' --output tsv); do echo \"=== $acct ===\"; az storage account keys list --account-name $acct --query '[].{Key:keyName,Perms:permissions}' --output table; done")
kali(command="az keyvault list --query '[].{Name:name,SoftDelete:enableSoftDelete,PurgeProtection:enablePurgeProtection}' --output table")
kali(command="az keyvault show --name VAULT --query 'properties.accessPolicies[].{ObjectId:objectId,Secrets:permissions.secrets,Keys:permissions.keys}'")

GCP-Specific

Service account key management (user-managed vs Google-managed):

kali(command="for sa in $(gcloud iam service-accounts list --format='value(email)'); do echo \"=== $sa ===\"; gcloud iam service-accounts keys list --iam-account $sa --format='table(name.basename(),keyType,validBeforeTime)'; done")

Default service account abuse + cross-project IAM binding:

kali(command="gcloud compute instances list --format='table(name,serviceAccounts[].email,serviceAccounts[].scopes[])'")
kali(command="gcloud projects get-iam-policy PROJECT --flatten='bindings[].members' --format='table(bindings.role,bindings.members)' --filter='bindings.members:*@*.iam.gserviceaccount.com AND NOT bindings.members:*@PROJECT.iam.gserviceaccount.com'")

Pub/Sub topic access (cross-project, public):

kali(command="gcloud pubsub topics list --format='table(name)' && gcloud pubsub topics get-iam-policy TOPIC --format=json")

---

Phase 10 — Automated Scanning (thorough)

kali(command="prowler aws --severity critical high -M csv --output-directory /tmp/prowler 2>&1 | tail -50")
kali(command="scout aws --no-browser --report-dir /tmp/scoutsuite 2>&1 | tail -50")

---

Phase 11 — Attack Path Analysis (thorough)

Map realistic attack chains: 1) public bucket → creds → IAM escalation → data, 2) SSRF → IMDS → role creds → S3, 3) EC2 instance profile → cross-service, 4) iam:PassRole → Lambda → admin, 5) S3 trigger → Lambda env var secrets → database, 6) cross-account trust → sts:AssumeRole → target admin, 7) public snapshot → restore in attacker account → data, 8) ECR cross-account pull → malicious image.

flowchart TD
    Attacker["External Attacker"] --> S3["Public S3 Bucket"]
    S3 --> Creds["AWS Keys in Config"]
    Creds --> IAM["IAM User Access"]
    IAM --> PassRole["iam:PassRole"]
    PassRole --> Lambda["Lambda with Admin Role"]
    Lambda --> EnvVars["Env Var Secrets"]
    Lambda --> Admin["Full Account Access"]
    Attacker --> SSRF["SSRF in Web App"]
    SSRF --> IMDS["IMDS Metadata"]
    IMDS --> RoleCreds["Instance Role Credentials"]
    RoleCreds --> Data["S3 Data Access"]
    IAM --> AssumeRole["sts:AssumeRole"]
    AssumeRole --> CrossAcct["Cross-Account Admin"]

---

Phase 12 — Cloud Compliance Mapping (thorough)

Map every confirmed finding to applicable compliance frameworks. Include in report(action="finding", data={...}) description.

Finding type	SOC 2 TSC	PCI DSS 4.0	HIPAA	CIS (AWS/Azure/GCP)
Public S3/storage	CC6.1, CC6.6	1.3.1, 7.2.1	164.312(e)(1)	2.1.1 / 3.5 / 5.1
No CloudTrail/logging	CC7.1, CC7.2	10.2.1	164.312(b)	3.1 / 5.1.1 / 2.1
No MFA	CC6.1, CC6.3	8.4.2	164.312(d)	1.5 / 1.1 / 1.1
Wildcard IAM / escalation	CC6.1, CC6.2	7.2.1	164.312(a)(1)	1.16 / 1.21 / 1.4
No encryption at rest	CC6.7	3.5.1	164.312(a)(2)(iv)	2.1.2 / 3.2 / 5.2
No encryption in transit	CC6.7	4.2.1	164.312(e)(1)	2.1.2 / 3.1 / 5.2
No VPC Flow Logs	CC7.1	10.2.1	164.312(b)	3.9 / 5.1.5 / 2.9
Open security groups	CC6.6	1.3.1	164.312(e)(1)	5.2 / 6.1 / 3.6
No GuardDuty/threat detection	CC7.2, CC7.3	10.6.1	164.308(a)(1)	4.1 / 2.6 / 2.12
Public database	CC6.6	2.2.7	164.312(a)(1)	2.3.2 / 4.3.1 / 6.2
No backup/versioning	CC7.5	9.5.1	164.308(a)(7)	2.1.3 / 3.8 / 5.1
Secrets in env vars	CC6.1	8.6.1	164.312(a)(2)(iv)	2.1.4 / 3.12 / 1.15

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Phase 13 — Report & Wrap-Up

1. Call report(action="diagram", data={...}) with cloud architecture annotated with findings

2. Call report(action="note", data={...}) with cloud security summary:

Cloud Security Assessment Summary:
  Provider:              [AWS/Azure/GCP]
  Mode:                  [authenticated/external]
  IAM issues:            [count] — escalation paths: [count]
  Public storage:        [count] buckets/blobs exposed
  Network exposure:      [count] open security groups/NSGs
  Serverless issues:     [count] functions with secrets in env vars
  Database exposure:     [count] publicly accessible databases
  Logging gaps:          [list]
  Attack paths:          [count] identified
  Compliance gaps:       SOC 2: [count] | PCI: [count] | HIPAA: [count] | CIS: [count]

3. Depth gate (thorough ONLY) — before calling session(action="complete"), verify you have run all 5 mandatory phases:

   Phase	Mandatory for thorough	Gate check
   Phase 2 (IAM Privilege Escalation)	✅	report(action="note") with privilege escalation paths found/not found
   Phase 3 (Storage Bucket Deep-Dive)	✅	At least one bucket/blob enumeration ran
   Phase 5 (Serverless Attack Surface)	✅	Lambda/Azure Function/Cloud Function enumerated
   Phase 6 (Database Exposure Matrix)	✅	RDS/Azure SQL/Cloud SQL exposure checked
   Phase 10 (Automated Scanning)	✅	Prowler or ScoutSuite ran (or documented reason why not)

   If any mandatory phase was skipped, run it now before completing. Log a report(action="note") confirming each phase ran.

4. Call session(action="complete", options={...}) with summary

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Chaining Other Skills

Skill	When to invoke
/pentester	Cloud-hosted web applications discovered
/ai-redteam	AI/LLM endpoints discovered (SageMaker, Bedrock, Azure OpenAI)
/container-k8s-security	EKS/AKS/GKE clusters discovered
/analyze-cve	CVE-affected cloud service version found
/threat-modeling	After assessment — STRIDE analysis of cloud architecture
/gh-export	When user asks to file GitHub issues

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Finding Severity Guide

Severity	Criteria	Examples
Critical	Direct data access, full account compromise, privilege escalation to admin	Public S3 with PII; iam:PassRole → Lambda admin; public RDS snapshot; wildcard principal in role trust
High	Significant exposure, partial escalation, missing critical controls	Open SG on DB ports; no CloudTrail; no MFA for root; secrets in Lambda env vars; ElastiCache no AUTH
Medium	Config weakness, limited exposure, defense-in-depth gaps	No encryption at rest; old access keys; no VPC Flow Logs; no ECR lifecycle policy
Low	Best practice deviation, minimal direct risk	Default VPC; unused IAM users; no S3 access logging on non-sensitive bucket

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Context Recovery After Compaction

When your context is compacted mid-skill:

1. Call session(action="recovery") before doing anything else — returns tools_already_run, in_progress_cells, pending_escalations, and EXECUTE_NOW
2. Resume in_progress cells first — notes record which IAM paths / storage buckets / serverless functions were partially assessed
3. Follow pending_escalations — e.g., "test iam:PassRole chain to Lambda for full admin escalation" leads flagged but not completed
4. Skip enumeration in tools_already_run — do not re-run Prowler or ScoutSuite on services already logged
5. Never assert a resource as safe from memory — re-check the tool output artifact before marking a cell clean

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Rules

• session(action="start", options={...}) is mandatory — never run any other tool before it
• Batch independent tools in the same response — they execute in parallel
• When any tool returns a LIMIT message, stop immediately and call session(action="complete", options={...})
• Stay within declared scope — only test cloud resources the user authorizes
• Handle credentials carefully — never log cloud access keys in findings; reference by key ID only
• Call report(action="finding", data={...}) for every confirmed misconfiguration — include resource ARN/ID, misconfiguration, risk, and compliance mapping
• Map attack paths — individual misconfigs are less impactful than chained paths to sensitive data
• Check every escalation vector — use the IAM privilege escalation matrix systematically
• Validate logging at every layer — CloudTrail management + data events, VPC Flow Logs, S3 access logs, GuardDuty
• Test storage at object level — bucket-level checks are insufficient; enumerate object ACLs, versioning, encryption per-object
• Include compliance mapping — every finding must reference applicable SOC 2, PCI DSS, HIPAA, and CIS controls
• Use report(action="note", data={...}) liberally — document what resources were checked and their status
• Never fabricate findings — only report what tool output confirms
• Mermaid syntax rules: use flowchart TD, quote labels, no em-dashes, short alphanumeric node IDs
• Call session(action="stop_kali") at the end if kali(command=...) was used