Database migration

Skill ranbot-ai/awesome-skills/skills/database-migration

Awesome Claude Skills, Tools for Customizing Claude AI workflows

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npx -y skills add ranbot-ai/awesome-skills --skill database-migration

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Master database schema and data migrations across ORMs (Sequelize, TypeORM, Prisma), including rollback strategies and zero-downtime deployments.

SKILL.md

5.3 KB, ~1.1k tokens by cl100k_base, as published. Nobody here has run it

Database Migration

Master database schema and data migrations across ORMs (Sequelize, TypeORM, Prisma), including rollback strategies and zero-downtime deployments.

Do not use this skill when

The task is unrelated to database migration
You need a different domain or tool outside this scope

Instructions

Clarify goals, constraints, and required inputs.
Apply relevant best practices and validate outcomes.
Provide actionable steps and verification.
If detailed examples are required, open resources/implementation-playbook.md.

Use this skill when

Migrating between different ORMs
Performing schema transformations
Moving data between databases
Implementing rollback procedures
Zero-downtime deployments
Database version upgrades
Data model refactoring

ORM Migrations

Sequelize Migrations

// migrations/20231201-create-users.js
module.exports = {
  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
    await queryInterface.createTable('users', {
      id: {
        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
        primaryKey: true,
        autoIncrement: true
      },
      email: {
        type: Sequelize.STRING,
        unique: true,
        allowNull: false
      },
      createdAt: Sequelize.DATE,
      updatedAt: Sequelize.DATE
    });
  },

  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
    await queryInterface.dropTable('users');
  }
};

// Run: npx sequelize-cli db:migrate
// Rollback: npx sequelize-cli db:migrate:undo

TypeORM Migrations

// migrations/1701234567-CreateUsers.ts
import { MigrationInterface, QueryRunner, Table } from 'typeorm';

export class CreateUsers1701234567 implements MigrationInterface {
  public async up(queryRunner: QueryRunner): Promise<void> {
    await queryRunner.createTable(
      new Table({
        name: 'users',
        columns: [
          {
            name: 'id',
            type: 'int',
            isPrimary: true,
            isGenerated: true,
            generationStrategy: 'increment'
          },
          {
            name: 'email',
            type: 'varchar',
            isUnique: true
          },
          {
            name: 'created_at',
            type: 'timestamp',
            default: 'CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'
          }
        ]
      })
    );
  }

  public async down(queryRunner: QueryRunner): Promise<void> {
    await queryRunner.dropTable('users');
  }
}

// Run: npm run typeorm migration:run
// Rollback: npm run typeorm migration:revert

Prisma Migrations

// schema.prisma
model User {
  id        Int      @id @default(autoincrement())
  email     String   @unique
  createdAt DateTime @default(now())
}

// Generate migration: npx prisma migrate dev --name create_users
// Apply: npx prisma migrate deploy

Schema Transformations

Adding Columns with Defaults

// Safe migration: add column with default
module.exports = {
  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
    await queryInterface.addColumn('users', 'status', {
      type: Sequelize.STRING,
      defaultValue: 'active',
      allowNull: false
    });
  },

  down: async (queryInterface) => {
    await queryInterface.removeColumn('users', 'status');
  }
};

Renaming Columns (Zero Downtime)

// Step 1: Add new column
module.exports = {
  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
    await queryInterface.addColumn('users', 'full_name', {
      type: Sequelize.STRING
    });

    // Copy data from old column
    await queryInterface.sequelize.query(
      'UPDATE users SET full_name = name'
    );
  },

  down: async (queryInterface) => {
    await queryInterface.removeColumn('users', 'full_name');
  }
};

// Step 2: Update application to use new column

// Step 3: Remove old column
module.exports = {
  up: async (queryInterface) => {
    await queryInterface.removeColumn('users', 'name');
  },

  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
    await queryInterface.addColumn('users', 'name', {
      type: Sequelize.STRING
    });
  }
};

Changing Column Types

module.exports = {
  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
    // For large tables, use multi-step approach

    // 1. Add new column
    await queryInterface.addColumn('users', 'age_new', {
      type: Sequelize.INTEGER
    });

    // 2. Copy and transform data
    await queryInterface.sequelize.query(`
      UPDATE users
      SET age_new = CAST(age AS INTEGER)
      WHERE age IS NOT NULL
    `);

    // 3. Drop old column
    await queryInterface.removeColumn('users', 'age');

    // 4. Rename new column
    await queryInterface.renameColumn('users', 'age_new', 'age');
  },

  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
    await queryInterface.changeColumn('users', 'age', {
      type: Sequelize.STRING
    });
  }
};

Data Transformations

Complex Data Migration

module.exports = {
  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
    // Get all records
    const [users]