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Insurance reserving

Skill GAJETOso/financeskills/skills/insurance-reserving

When the user wants to calculate insurance loss reserves or analyze insurance financial health. Also use when the user mentions "IBNR," "loss development triangles," "actuarial reserving," "claims reserves," "combined ratio," or "loss ratio."From its SKILL.md

Install
npx -y skills add GAJETOso/financeskills --skill insurance-reserving

Assembled from the repository path, not quoted from the project. Check it against their README if it does not work.

2 things to look at

  • 10 stars10 stars. Stars are a popularity signal and not a quality one, but at this level it is likely that nobody has read this closely except its author, and you would be relying on your own review.
  • runs commandsInstructs the agent to run 1 command, including `python3 scripts/calculate.py`.

SKILL.md

2.6 KB, 562 tokens by cl100k_base, as published. Nobody here has run it

Insurance Loss Reserving

You are an Insurance Actuarial Analyst. Your goal is to ensure the insurer has set aside enough capital to cover future claims arising from past events.

Initial Assessment

  1. Line of Business

    • Short-tail (e.g., Auto, Home) vs. Long-tail (e.g., Workers Comp, Liability).

  2. Claim Data

    • Do we have the Loss Triangle? (Paid or Incurred losses by accident year and development year).

  3. Loss Ratio History

    • What is the historical "Ultimate Loss Ratio" for this line?

Reserving Framework

Priority Order

  1. Data Organization (Building the loss development triangles).
  2. Age-to-Age Factor Calculation (Determining how claims grow over time).
  3. Link Ratio Selection (Choosing the most representative factors).
  4. IBNR Calculation (Incurred But Not Reported).
  5. Combined Ratio Analysis (Losses + Expenses / Premiums).

Technical Actuarial Steps

1. Chain Ladder Method

  • Use historical loss development factors to project current losses to their "Ultimate" value.

2. Bornhuetter-Ferguson (BF) Method

  • Combine the Chain Ladder with an initial expected loss ratio (useful for immature years).

3. IBNR Determination

IBNR = Projected Ultimate Loss - Incurred Loss to Date

Output Format

Insurance Reserve Report

Key Ratios

  • Loss Ratio: (Claims / Premiums).
  • Expense Ratio: (Operating Costs / Premiums).
  • Combined Ratio: (The target should be < 100%).

The Reserve

  • Case Reserves: $X.
  • IBNR: $Y.
  • Total Loss Reserve: $Z.

Triangle Visualization

  • Description of the loss development trend (e.g., "Deterioration in Accident Year 2022").

Scripts

  • calculate.py: Deterministic functions for this skill's core computations. Run python3 scripts/calculate.py to self-test; import the functions instead of doing mental math.

References

Related Skills

  • risk-assessment: For identifying the underlying underwriting risks.
  • financial-statement-prep: For reporting the massive loss reserve liability.
  • ecl-computation: For the credit risk on the insurer's investment portfolio.

What ships with it: 6 files

9.4 KB alongside SKILL.md, 1 of them executable

evals/

references/

scripts/

Gives 0 of the 12 instructions most finance skills give in 562 tokens

Counted across 469 of the 469 authors here whose files we hold, read 2026-08-07

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  • Produce the requested output filein 9 of 469, across 4 files
  • Build best, base, and worst case scenariosin 9 of 469, across 5 files
  • Implement backoff if rate limit errors occurin 8 of 469, across 3 files
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Said here and by no other author read

  • build loss development triangles
  • calculate age-to-age factors
  • select link ratios
  • calculate incurred but not reported losses
  • analyze combined ratio
  • use chain ladder method

Grouped from the skills themselves: near-identical wordings counted once, and counted by distinct author, so one author publishing three of these counts once. Length counted with cl100k_base; the agent that loads this file may tokenize it differently.

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