Trestle compliance pipeline

End-to-End Compliance Pipeline

This skill covers the full compliance pipeline from regulation authoring through assessment results, including persona ownership, multi-repository coordination, and the Compliance-to-Policy (C2P) bridge between OSCAL artifacts and runtime policy validation.

GRC Personas and Artifact Ownership

Each compliance artifact has a primary owner persona and flows downstream to consumers:

Persona	Primary Artifact	Key Trestle Commands	Downstream Consumer
Regulators	Catalog	catalog-generate, catalog-assemble	Compliance Officers
Compliance Officers / CISO	Profile	profile-generate, profile-assemble, xlsx-to-oscal-profile	Control Providers, System Owners
Control Providers (vendors)	Component Definition (Service)	csv-to-oscal-cd, component-generate, component-assemble	Control Assessors, System Owners
Control Assessors (PVP vendors)	Component Definition (Validation)	csv-to-oscal-cd (with Check_Id column)	CPAC / C2P
System Owners / CIO	System Security Plan	ssp-generate, ssp-assemble, ssp-filter	Assessors, Auditors
Assessors	Assessment Results	xccdf-result-to-oscal-ar, tanium-result-to-oscal-ar	CISO, System Owners
Operations	Remediation (POA&M)	create, split, merge (JSON workflow)	Auditors

Key principle: Each persona manages their artifact independently. Artifacts flow downstream via Git-based propagation, enabling separation of duties and independent versioning.

Per-Persona Authoring Workflows

Regulators: Catalog Authoring

Regulators publish security controls as catalogs (e.g., NIST 800-53, PCI-DSS, ISO 27001).

# Import existing catalog or create new one
trestle import -f nist-800-53-catalog.json -o nist-800-53

# Generate markdown for human editing
trestle author catalog-generate --name nist-800-53 --output md_catalogs/nist-800-53

# Edit control markdown files (one per control, grouped by family)
# Then reassemble
trestle author catalog-assemble --markdown md_catalogs/nist-800-53 --output nist-800-53

Compliance Officers: Profile Authoring

Compliance Officers select and tailor controls from catalogs into organization-specific baselines.

# Generate profile markdown from existing profile
trestle author profile-generate --name my-baseline --output md_profiles/my-baseline

# Edit markdown: adjust parameter values, add guidance sections
# Then reassemble
trestle author profile-assemble --markdown md_profiles/my-baseline --output my-baseline

# Or convert directly from spreadsheet
trestle task xlsx-to-oscal-profile

Profiles can import from multiple catalogs and other profiles, creating layered baselines (e.g., FedRAMP High inherits from NIST 800-53, adding FedRAMP-specific parameters).

Control Providers: Two-Phase Component Definition

Control Providers (vendors, service providers) declare how their products implement controls. This is a two-phase process — structured rule data via CSV, then narrative responses via markdown.

Phase 1 — Rules via CSV spreadsheet:

# CSV contains: Rule_Id, Rule_Description, Component_Title, Component_Type,
#               Control_Id_List, Parameter_Id, Parameter_Value_Alternatives, ...
trestle task csv-to-oscal-cd

The CSV captures structured mappings: which controls map to which technical rules and parameters. Vendors manage this in spreadsheet tools and commit the CSV to Git.

Phase 2 — Responses via markdown:

# Generate markdown from the component definition created in Phase 1
trestle author component-generate --name my-service --output md_compdefs/my-service

# Edit markdown: write prose responses describing HOW controls are implemented
# Then reassemble
trestle author component-assemble --markdown md_compdefs/my-service --output my-service

The markdown captures narrative prose: implementation descriptions, rationale, and status.

Why the split? Structured data (rules, parameters, control mappings) is best managed in spreadsheets. Narrative prose (implementation descriptions) is best edited as markdown. The two-phase pattern separates these concerns cleanly.

System Owners: SSP Authoring

System Owners combine profiles and component definitions into a System Security Plan.

# Generate SSP markdown from profile + component definitions
trestle author ssp-generate --profile my-baseline --compdefs service-a,service-b --output md_ssp/my-system

# Edit markdown: fill in system-specific implementation details, set ssp-values
# Then reassemble
trestle author ssp-assemble --markdown md_ssp/my-system --output my-system

# Filter SSP to a specific profile (for different audit scopes)
trestle author ssp-filter --name my-system --profile fedramp-high --output my-system-fedramp

The Component Definition Bridge

The component definition is the bridge artifact that connects regulatory controls to automated assessment. It operates at two layers via two distinct component types.

Layer 1: Service Components (Control-to-Rule)

Service components map regulation controls to technology-specific rules and parameters:

Control (e.g., AC-2)  -->  Rule (e.g., rule-account-types)  -->  Parameter (e.g., timeout=15min)

• Owner: Product vendors, service providers
• CSV columns: Rule_Id, Rule_Description, Control_Id_List, Parameter_Id, Component_Type=Service
• Purpose: Declares WHAT rules implement a control for a specific technology

Layer 2: Validation Components (Rule-to-Check)

Validation components map rules to PVP check identifiers:

Rule (e.g., rule-account-types)  -->  Check_Id (e.g., test_github.GitHubOrgs.test_members_is_not_empty)

• Owner: Assessment tool vendors, PVP providers, compliance engineers
• CSV columns: Rule_Id, Check_Id, Check_Description, Component_Type=Validation
• Purpose: Declares HOW a rule is validated by a specific assessment tool

End-to-End Traceability

Together, the two layers create full traceability:

Regulation Control (NIST AC-2)
    --> Service Rule (rule-account-types)
        --> Validation Check (test_github.GitHubOrgs.test_members_is_not_empty)
            --> Assessment Result (pass/fail)
                --> Control Posture (satisfied/not-satisfied)

This chain enables automated compliance: given assessment results from PVPs, the system can automatically compute whether regulatory controls are satisfied by following the mappings backward through the component definitions.

Multi-Repository Coordination

Repository Topology

Large organizations separate artifacts by ownership boundaries:

catalog-repo (Regulators)
    |
    v  imports
profile-repo (Compliance Officers)
    |
    v  references
compdef-repo (Vendors / Control Providers)
    |
    v  combined into
ssp-repo (System Owners)

Each repository has independent:

• Versioning: Catalogs change on regulatory cycles; profiles change on policy review cycles
• Access control: Only authorized personas can merge to main
• CI/CD pipelines: Each repo validates and assembles its own artifacts

Change Propagation Pattern

When an upstream artifact changes, downstream repositories receive automated PRs:

1. Upstream merge triggers CI/CD pipeline
2. Pipeline runs trestle author *-assemble to produce updated OSCAL JSON
3. CI/CD creates a PR in each downstream repository that imports this artifact
4. Downstream owners review and merge, triggering their own assembly pipelines

Example: A new control is added to the catalog. The profile repo gets a PR to include it. Once merged, the compdef repo gets a PR to add rule mappings. Once merged, the SSP repo gets a PR to include the new control responses.

When to Use Multi-Repo vs Single-Repo

Factor	Single Repo	Multi-Repo
Team size	Small team (1-5 people)	Multiple teams / organizations
Ownership	Same team owns all artifacts	Different teams own different artifacts
Release cadence	All artifacts change together	Artifacts change independently
Access control	Same permissions for all	Different access per artifact type
Complexity	Simple, lower overhead	Higher overhead, better separation

Recommendation: Start with a single repo. Split when ownership boundaries become clear or when independent versioning is needed.

CI/CD Pipeline Integration

Pipeline Stages

Pre-commit          -->  PR Merge           -->  Post-Merge
trestle validate        trestle author          Propagate to
                        *-assemble              downstream repos
                        (conditional write)

Pre-commit / PR validation:

# Validate all models in workspace
trestle validate -a

# Or validate specific model
trestle validate -t catalog -n my-catalog

PR merge / assembly:

# Assemble only writes if content changed (prevents unnecessary git churn)
trestle author catalog-assemble --markdown md_catalogs/my-catalog --output my-catalog
trestle author profile-assemble --markdown md_profiles/my-baseline --output my-baseline
trestle author component-assemble --markdown md_compdefs/my-service --output my-service
trestle author ssp-assemble --markdown md_ssp/my-system --output my-system

Post-merge propagation:

• If the assembled JSON changed, trigger downstream repository updates
• Downstream repos import the new version and run their own assembly

Write Once, Use Multiple Times

A core principle from the COMPASS architecture: write each compliance artifact once, then reuse it across multiple contexts:

• One catalog serves multiple profiles (FedRAMP High, Moderate, Low all import from NIST 800-53)
• One component definition serves multiple SSPs (same service deployed in different systems)
• One set of PVP checks validates the same rules across environments (dev, staging, prod)

This avoids duplication and ensures consistency across the compliance program.

Compliance-to-Policy (C2P)

C2P is a separate tool (not part of Trestle) that bridges OSCAL compliance artifacts to runtime policy validation and back to OSCAL assessment results.

What C2P Does

OSCAL Component Definition
    --> C2P generate_pvp_policy -->  PVP-specific policy config
                                        --> PVP executes checks
    <-- C2P generate_pvp_result <--  PVP-native results
OSCAL Assessment Results

C2P reads the component definition's rule-to-check mappings and:

1. Generates PVP policy: Configures the PVP with the right checks and parameters
2. Collects PVP results: Reads native PVP output after execution
3. Produces OSCAL Assessment Results: Maps check pass/fail back to control posture

Trestle's Role in the C2P Pipeline

Trestle authors the OSCAL artifacts that C2P consumes:

• csv-to-oscal-cd creates the component definitions with rule and check mappings
• component-generate / component-assemble adds narrative responses
• Assessment results from C2P can be imported back: trestle import -f assessment-results.json

Trestle does NOT execute PVP checks — that is C2P's responsibility.

Supported PVP Types

PVP Type	Policy Style	Examples
Declarative	Desired-state manifests	Kubernetes (OCM, GateKeeper, Kyverno)
Imperative	Step-by-step scripts	Auditree (Python), Ansible playbooks

• Declarative PVPs: C2P generates Kubernetes policy CRDs from component definitions
• Imperative PVPs: C2P generates configuration files (e.g., auditree.json) with parameters

C2P Workflow Summary

# 1. Author component definitions with Trestle (rules + checks)
trestle task csv-to-oscal-cd

# 2. C2P generates PVP-specific configuration
#    (C2P reads component-definition.json, outputs PVP config)

# 3. PVP executes checks against target systems
#    (Auditree runs fetchers + checks, OCM distributes policies to clusters)

# 4. C2P collects results and produces OSCAL Assessment Results
#    (C2P reads PVP output, outputs assessment-results.json)

# 5. Import results back into Trestle workspace
trestle import -f assessment-results.json -o latest-scan

Additional Resources

• personas-reference.md — Full persona details, CPAC topologies, C2P plugin interface, Auditree project structure
• examples.md — Worked pipeline walkthroughs with complete command sequences

Cross-References

• trestle-authoring-workflow: Generate/edit/assemble cycle details, multi-repo coordination
• trestle-task-system: csv-to-oscal-cd configuration, CSV column reference, dual component definition CSV pattern
• trestle-control-implementation: SSP control response writing, rules supply chain
• trestle-oscal-models: OSCAL model types, relationships, and persona ownership