Neovim

Neovim Configuration Skill

A comprehensive guide for working with this modular, performance-optimized Neovim configuration built on lazy.nvim.

Quick Reference

Metric	Value
Plugin Manager	lazy.nvim
Total Plugins	82
Target Startup	<50ms
Module Pattern	M.setup()
Leader Key	<Space>

Architecture Overview

~/.config/nvim/
├── init.lua                  # Entry point
├── lua/
│   ├── config/               # Core configuration (11 modules)
│   │   ├── lazy.lua          # Plugin manager bootstrap
│   │   ├── options.lua       # Vim options
│   │   ├── keymaps.lua       # Key bindings
│   │   ├── autocmds.lua      # Autocommands
│   │   └── performance.lua   # Startup optimization
│   ├── plugins/specs/        # Plugin specs (9 categories)
│   │   ├── core.lua          # Foundation (plenary, nui, devicons)
│   │   ├── ui.lua            # UI (lualine, bufferline, noice)
│   │   ├── editor.lua        # Editor (autopairs, flash, harpoon)
│   │   ├── lsp.lua           # LSP (lspconfig, mason, conform)
│   │   ├── git.lua           # Git (fugitive, gitsigns, diffview)
│   │   ├── ai.lua            # AI (copilot, ChatGPT)
│   │   ├── debug.lua         # DAP (nvim-dap, dap-ui)
│   │   ├── tools.lua         # Tools (telescope, neo-tree)
│   │   └── treesitter.lua    # Syntax (treesitter, textobjects)
│   ├── kickstart/            # Kickstart-derived modules
│   └── utils/                # Utility functions
└── lazy-lock.json            # Plugin version lock

Standard Module Pattern

All configuration modules follow the M.setup() pattern:

local M = {}

M.setup = function()
  -- Configuration logic here
end

return M

Plugin Management (lazy.nvim)

Adding a New Plugin

Add to the appropriate category file in lua/plugins/specs/:

-- lua/plugins/specs/tools.lua
return {
  -- Existing plugins...

  {
    "author/plugin-name",
    event = "VeryLazy",           -- Loading strategy
    dependencies = { "dep/name" }, -- Required plugins
    opts = {
      -- Plugin options
    },
    config = function(_, opts)
      require("plugin-name").setup(opts)
    end,
  },
}

Loading Strategies

Strategy	When to Use	Example
lazy = true	Default, load on demand	Most plugins
event = "VeryLazy"	After UI loads	UI enhancements
event = "BufReadPre"	When opening files	Treesitter, gitsigns
event = "InsertEnter"	When typing	Completion, autopairs
cmd = "CommandName"	On command invocation	Heavy tools
ft = "filetype"	For specific filetypes	Language plugins
keys = {...}	On keypress	Motion plugins

Plugin Commands

Command	Description
:Lazy	Open lazy.nvim dashboard
:Lazy sync	Update and install plugins
:Lazy profile	Show startup time analysis
:Lazy clean	Remove unused plugins
:Lazy health	Check plugin health

LSP Configuration

See references/lsp.md for complete LSP reference.

LSP Stack

mason.nvim (installer)
    ├── mason-lspconfig.nvim → nvim-lspconfig
    ├── mason-tool-installer.nvim (auto-install)
    └── mason-nvim-dap.nvim → nvim-dap

nvim-lspconfig
    ├── blink.cmp (completion)
    ├── conform.nvim (formatting)
    ├── nvim-lint (linting)
    └── trouble.nvim (diagnostics)

Adding an LSP Server

-- In lua/plugins/specs/lsp.lua, add to mason-tool-installer list:
ensure_installed = {
  "lua_ls",
  "pyright",
  "your_new_server",  -- Add here
}

-- Configure in lspconfig setup:
servers = {
  your_new_server = {
    settings = {
      -- Server-specific settings
    },
  },
}

LSP Keybindings

Key	Action
gd	Go to definition
gr	Go to references
gI	Go to implementation
gD	Go to declaration
K	Hover documentation
<leader>rn	Rename symbol
<leader>ca	Code action
<leader>D	Type definition
<leader>ds	Document symbols
<leader>ws	Workspace symbols

Keybindings

See references/keybindings.md for complete reference.

Core Navigation

Key	Action
<C-h/j/k/l>	Window navigation
<S-h> / <S-l>	Previous/next buffer
<leader>sf	Search files
<leader>sg	Search by grep
<leader><space>	Search buffers
\\	Toggle Neo-tree

Adding Keybindings

-- In lua/config/keymaps.lua M.setup():
vim.keymap.set('n', '<leader>xx', function()
  -- Your action
end, { desc = 'Description for which-key' })

-- Or in a plugin spec:
keys = {
  { "<leader>xx", "<cmd>Command<CR>", desc = "Description" },
}

Debugging (DAP)

See references/debugging.md for complete reference.

DAP Keybindings

Key	Action
<F5>	Continue/Start debugging
<F10>	Step over
<F11>	Step into
<F12>	Step out
<leader>b	Toggle breakpoint
<leader>B	Conditional breakpoint

Adding a Debug Adapter

-- In lua/plugins/specs/debug.lua
local dap = require("dap")

dap.adapters.your_adapter = {
  type = "executable",
  command = "path/to/adapter",
}

dap.configurations.your_filetype = {
  {
    type = "your_adapter",
    request = "launch",
    name = "Launch",
    program = "${file}",
  },
}

Performance Optimization

Startup Optimization Layers

Layer	Technique	Savings
1	vim.loader.enable()	~50ms
2	Skip vim._defaults	~180ms
3	Disable providers	~10ms
4	Disable builtins	~20ms
5	Deferred config	~30ms
6	Event-based loading	Variable

Profiling Startup

:Lazy profile

Deferred Loading Pattern

-- In init.lua
vim.defer_fn(function()
  require('config.options').setup()
  require('config.keymaps').setup()
  require('config.autocmds').setup()
end, 0)

Common Tasks

Adding an Autocommand

-- In lua/config/autocmds.lua M.setup():
vim.api.nvim_create_autocmd("FileType", {
  pattern = { "markdown", "text" },
  callback = function()
    vim.opt_local.wrap = true
    vim.opt_local.spell = true
  end,
})

Adding Vim Options

-- In lua/config/options.lua M.setup():
vim.opt.your_option = value

Creating a Utility Function

-- In lua/utils/init.lua
local M = {}

M.your_function = function(args)
  -- Implementation
end

return M

-- Usage: require('utils').your_function(args)

Plugin Categories

Core (4 plugins)

plenary.nvim, nui.nvim, nvim-web-devicons, lazy.nvim

UI (11 plugins)

tokyonight, alpha-nvim, lualine, bufferline, noice, nvim-notify, which-key, indent-blankline, mini.indentscope, fidget, nvim-scrollbar

Editor (13 plugins)

nvim-autopairs, flash.nvim, clever-f, nvim-spectre, grug-far, harpoon, persistence, smartyank, vim-sleuth, vim-illuminate, tabular, todo-comments, toggleterm

LSP (12 plugins)

nvim-lspconfig, mason, mason-lspconfig, mason-tool-installer, lazydev, luvit-meta, SchemaStore, conform, nvim-lint, trouble, blink.cmp/nvim-cmp, LuaSnip

Git (7 plugins)

vim-fugitive, vim-rhubarb, gitsigns, diffview, vim-flog, git-conflict, octo

AI (3 plugins)

copilot.vim, ChatGPT.nvim, mcphub.nvim

Debug (8 plugins)

nvim-dap, nvim-dap-ui, nvim-dap-virtual-text, nvim-dap-python, nvim-dap-go, mason-nvim-dap, telescope-dap, nvim-nio

Tools (14 plugins)

telescope, telescope-fzf-native, telescope-ui-select, neo-tree, oil.nvim, nvim-bqf, rest.nvim, vim-dadbod, vim-dadbod-ui, vim-dadbod-completion, iron.nvim, markdown-preview, nvim-puppeteer, obsidian.nvim

Treesitter (3 plugins)

nvim-treesitter, nvim-treesitter-context, nvim-treesitter-textobjects

Troubleshooting

Issue	Solution
Plugins not loading	:Lazy sync
LSP not starting	:LspInfo, :Mason
Icons missing	Install a Nerd Font
Slow startup	:Lazy profile
Treesitter errors	:TSUpdate
Keybinding conflicts	:verbose map <key>

Health Check

:checkhealth

Debug Logging

-- Temporarily add to plugin config:
log_level = vim.log.levels.DEBUG,

Resources

• lazy.nvim
• Mason.nvim
• Neovim Documentation
• Kickstart.nvim

References

• references/configuration.md - Core configuration options
• references/plugins.md - All 82 plugins detailed
• references/plugin-deepdives.md - In-depth plugin guides
• references/lsp.md - LSP server configuration
• references/keybindings.md - Complete keybinding reference
• references/debugging.md - DAP debugging guide
• references/performance.md - Optimization techniques
• references/tools.md - CLI tools, utilities, and workflows
• references/troubleshooting.md - Common issues and solutions
• references/migration-0.11.md - Neovim 0.11 migration guide

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Gotchas

• LSP attaches on FileType, not BufRead: Buffers opened before plugin spec evaluation get no LSP. :LspInfo shows nothing — open a new buffer of the same filetype or :edit to retrigger the autocommand.
• lazy-lock.json silently pins everything: :Lazy sync will not update plugins unless the lock entry is removed or :Lazy update is run explicitly. Sync only installs missing plugins and removes orphans.
• vim.defer_fn(..., 0) runs after UIEnter but before FileType: Config loaded this way misses the first buffer's filetype event. Move keymaps and options out of defer_fn if first-buffer integrations break.
• Mason installs to ~/.local/share/nvim/mason/bin/, not $PATH: External tools that invoke formatters or linters from the shell will not find Mason-installed binaries unless you prepend that path explicitly.
• event = "VeryLazy" defers until after UI is ready: Plugins that intercept startup behavior (sessions, dashboards, colorschemes) must use lazy = false with priority = 1000 — VeryLazy is too late.
• Treesitter parsers compile against the installed Neovim ABI: After a Neovim upgrade, :TSUpdate is mandatory or you will see "Impossible pattern" errors with no obvious cause.