A11y fix

Fix accessibility issues in the current code. Target {{area}} if specified, otherwise work through all identified issues from most critical to least.

→ Consult the a11y-agent skill and its reference files for correct patterns.

Fix Process

For each issue:

1. Identify the problem — what fails and which WCAG criterion applies
2. Implement the fix — use the correct semantic pattern
3. Explain why — brief rationale for the change
4. Flag what to test — note keyboard and screen reader testing needed

Fix Priority Order

1. Keyboard access — divs→buttons, add focus management, skip links
2. Accessible names — labels on inputs, aria-labels on icon buttons, alt on images
3. Semantic structure — heading hierarchy, landmarks, lists
4. ARIA states — expanded, pressed, selected, invalid, current
5. Focus management — modal trapping, return focus, roving tabindex
6. Screen reader announcements — live regions for dynamic content
7. Visual — contrast, focus indicators, reflow, motion

Common Fixes

div → button

Replace <div onClick> with <button>. Update CSS to reset button styles:

.your-button {
  background: none;
  border: none;
  padding: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  font: inherit;
  color: inherit;
}

Add form labels

<!-- Before -->
<input placeholder="Email">

<!-- After -->
<label for="email">Email</label>
<input id="email" type="email" placeholder="[email protected]">

Fix heading hierarchy

Don't change visual appearance — add CSS utility classes instead:

<!-- Before: skipped h2 -->
<h1>Site Name</h1>
<h3>Section Title</h3>

<!-- After: correct hierarchy with style class -->
<h1>Site Name</h1>
<h2 class="heading-sm">Section Title</h2>

Add focus indicator

/* Remove the bad wildcard reset if present */
/* * { outline: none; } ← DELETE THIS */

/* Add visible focus styles */
:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--focus-color, #005fcc);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

Restore focus outline that was removed

Look for * { outline: 0 } or * { outline: none } in stylesheets and remove it.

prefers-reduced-motion

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *, *::before, *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
  }
}

Mega menu — hidden items still tabbable

/* Before: items invisible but tabbable */
.submenu { display: flex; opacity: 0; }
.submenu.active { opacity: 1; }

/* After: items fully hidden when inactive */
.submenu { display: none; }
.submenu.active { display: flex; }

Add aria-expanded on the trigger button. Bind Escape to close and return focus to trigger.

Client-side routing — missing focus management

After route change, update document.title and move focus to new content:

useEffect(() => {
  document.title = `${pageTitle} | Site Name`;
  mainRef.current?.focus();
}, [location.pathname]);

Add tabindex="-1" to the focus target if it's not natively focusable.

Form validation — errors not announced

The live region element MUST exist at page load. Inject error text into it:

<!-- Present at page load, starts empty -->
<p role="alert" aria-atomic="true">{errorMessage}</p>

On submit failure: set error message text, mark fields with aria-invalid="true", link errors via aria-describedby, focus the first invalid field.

Modal — background not inert

function openModal() {
  document.querySelector('main').inert = true;
  dialogRef.current.focus();
}
function closeModal() {
  document.querySelector('main').inert = false;
  triggerRef.current.focus(); // Return focus to trigger
}

After Each Fix

1. Tab through the component — does keyboard access work?
2. Run axe DevTools or a11y-scan — did violations decrease?
3. Test with a screen reader if the fix involves ARIA or announcements
4. Check contrast if the fix involves visual changes
5. Zoom to 200% if the fix involves layout

After Fixing

Remind the developer to manually test:

• Tab through the component with keyboard only
• Test with VoiceOver (Mac/Safari) or NVDA (Windows/Chrome)
• Check contrast with CCA or DevTools
• Zoom to 200% and verify reflow
• Run axe DevTools scan

Automated tests can verify regressions but can't replace manual testing with assistive technology.